on education, child care, health, and other things. now a recent mit paper suggests that there are limits to this model. it's called can't we all be more like scan nadinavians? brief it points out how the scandinavian welfare system provides a nun of benefits, more vacations, more health care, more equality. but when it comes to innovation, the u.s. still wins, for example if you look at patents filed for a million residents, the study shows the u.s. has moved far ahead of scandinavian countries. unlike a health care system, which benefits people of one particular country, innovation has global impacts. new american inventions spread around the world. according to the paper's authors, skangd navyian country's free ride on u.s.'s research and development. but if the u.s. became scandinavian, it would spend less on innovation which might reduce global growth rates and thus discredit the scandinavian market. this is an important discussion. and it ties into many of the questions our leaders are grappling with. does the -- there is much to